Decision making is a process that combines rational and judgmental approach of which the process cannot be formulated completely.In the process, decision makers will always face the risk that influences the judgment process.

The failure of decentralization and regional autonomy have been attributed to the uncertainty of the rules of the game. This will eventually caused the high cost economy for the provision of public services and local […].

Many factors affect the low interest in writing among the academics. In addition to oral rather than written culture, other factors that influence is the lack of incentives from the university / faculty.

The impact of the eruption of Mount Merapi in addition gives rise to loss of life also cause economic activity to be disrupted and even halted citizens.

Estimated loss calculated by Bappeda Sleman per  14 November 2010 due to Merapi eruption, reaching 3.385 billion rupiah. This does not include loss at fisheries subsector, Kaliurang tourism, infrastructure, and school building..