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The phenomenon of overwork, defined as excessively long working hours, has become a reality for many workers in Indonesia. Data from the August 2025 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) released by Statistics Indonesia (BPS) show that 25.47 percent of the working population works more than 49 hours per week.
An economist from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FEB UGM), Wisnu Setiadi Nugroho, S.E., M.Sc., Ph.D., stated that the prevalence of overwork in Indonesia, including the tendency to hold multiple jobs, is not driven solely by economic pressure.
“This phenomenon is the result of a combination of Indonesia’s labor market structure, which provides limited access to quality jobs, low levels of decent wages, and a high degree of labor informality,” he explained.
Impact of Overwork
This condition raises an important question: do longer working hours increase economic output, or do they instead reduce long-term productivity? Wisnu, a lecturer at the Department of Economics, FEB UGM, explained that, in theory, longer working hours can increase short-term output by increasing total hours worked.
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